Separator.



PATENTED AUG. 11

P. PARDEE. SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.l0, 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES ?Mra ATTORNEYS VPATENTED AUG. 11, 1908.

No. 895,889. r F. PARDEE.

'SEPARATOR. 8 APPLICATION FILED 00T.10, 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

w/m'sses Q UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK PARDEE, OF HAZLETON, PENNSYLVANIA.

SEPARATOR.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANK PARDEE,8. citizen of the United States, and aresident of Hazleton, in the county of Luzerne and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Separators,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to machines for separating substances differing inspecific gravity V or frictional resistance, wherein the utilization offrictional resistance is employed in connection with gravity,particularly in the separation of coal from slate.

A purpose'of the invention is to provide a separator so constructed andarranged that different kinds of substances submitted to its action willbe automatically divided or assorted.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide an especially designedmember or a series of members adapted to retard the movement of theslate relatively to the coal so that the two said elements will beprojected different distances in effecting the separation, and in theabove connection to provide a surface over which the material is passedhaving retarding members rising therefrom and arranged in a forwarddirection, which members ofier in effect an increased resistance from arearward to a forward point on said surface or surfaces.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts as will be hereinafter fully set forth and pointed out inthe claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a series of separating mediumsarranged in consecutive and cooperating order to receive material from adelivery member; Fig. 2 is a perspective View of the delivery member anda single separator in co-action therewith, the retarding members of theseparator being diagonally formed as in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a perspectiveview of one of the separators or separating plates, being drawn upon alarger scale and illustrating the retarding members as extendingparallel with the sides of said plate; and Fig. 4 is a perspectivelviewof a portion of a spiral separator, illustrating the Specification ofLetters Patent.

Application filed October 10, 1907.

Patented Aug. 11, 1908.

Serial No. 396,769.

application of the improved separating eleintended for the separation ofcoal from slate and from bone, or pieces of coal containing a kind ofslate, usually in thin layers, and the invention will be described inthat connection, although it is applicable to separators for othersubstances.

When anthracite coal is taken from the mines it is mixed with more orless rocky substances, usually designated as slate, which owing to itscomparatively flat shape and the fact that it contains silicate or othergritty matter, offers a resistance when moving over a surface. I providemembers serving as a selective surface to engage the slate and retard itto a greater degree than the less flat portions constituting the generalmass of the coal. This resistance is such during the passage of mixedsubstances along the floor of a chute or a dump as to cause the slate orbone to move slower than the pure coal, apart from the difference invelocity due to the difference in specific gravity, the coal glidingwith more rapidity and meeting with less resistance from the surfaceover which the several substances are made to travel, passing straighton and over the dump, while the retarded slate or bone falls into thegap or opening provided to receive it, located between the receptaclefor the coal and the delivery apron for the bone and slate.

The diflerence in the nature and action of the substances render gravityforce available for the purpose of separation, but that force is notwholly to be relied upon, as the sub stances must necessarily adjustthemselves to their relative positions, which requires some to cross thecourse of others and occa-' sions more or less knocking of the piecesagainst one another, so also the slate or rock, as well as bone,receives an impact from the surface behind it, which knocking imparts tothe pieces of slate or bone greater impetus than they would have fromthe mere force of gravity, and unless prevented from so doing, suchpieces are liable to pass over the said slit or gap and become mixedwith the pure coal, but the peculiar frictional resistance whichoperates against the speed of the slate or bone when moving over anothersolid surface may be taken advantage of by mechanical means forovercoming the extraordinary impetus which they may receive, and whichthat would otherwise be a hindrance should be measurably overcome, andto this end the invention consists primarily of a machine for separatingore, coal, etc., by gravitation and frictional resistance, or by acombination of.

both with specific gravity, composing a suitably supported se'paratingfloor on or along which the substances pass, an inlet and an outlettherefrom, the said floor being provided with an incline, the plane ofwhich may be tilted or horizontal, and which pitches toward the outletor apron in front of the slit or gap.

A represents a bed made of any suitable material and which is given moreor less of a downward inclination and rests upon suitable supportsA. Atthe upper portion of the bed A, a chute 10, or other device fordelivering material, is located, also having a downward inclination, andthe said chute or delivering member 10 conducts the material upon aseparating floorB, which flooris shown in Fig. 1 as resting on the bedA. This separating floor B may consist of one section or a series ofsections C, a single section being shown in Fig. 2, and a series inFig. 1. When the sections are inseries they overlap and the bed Aextends beyond the lower end of the said separating floor B to form adelivery apron 11, which is separated by a gap or slit D from alandingfloorD, as is shown in Fig. 1.

The coal plassing down the separating floor moves muc more rapidly thanthe slate or bone, and consequently makes a greater jump when it leavesthe delivery apron 1.1 and falls upon the landing floor D, or theequivalent thereof, adapted to receive it,

while the slate and bone traveling less rapidly and leaving the deliverytable 11 with less force, drops into the gap or opening D, whereby anearly perfect separation of material is obtained.

The sections C of the separating floor B are in the form of plates ofany suitable size and of any desired thickness. These plates may beflat, concaved, or convexed, or partly concaved and partly convexed.Each plate is provided with a series of slits 12 that are by preferencein parallelism, as is shown, and the material at one side of each slitis bent upward to form a series of retarding flanges or members 13 thatincrease in depth as they approach the delivery end of a plate. Theslits 12 extend from a point adjacent to the receiving edge portion of aplate and out through the delivery edge portion thereof so that theretarding flanges or members 13 of one or the other side of a plate.

rise practically from nothing at the rear of a plate and increasegradually in depth or width as they approach the opposing edge. Theseflanges therefore have located between them smooth runways 14, and whilethese flanges 13 may be straight, they are preferably given theinclination shown in directipln T e flanges or retarding members 13offer in effect increased resistance to or retard the objects engagingwith them from a rearward to a more forward point upon the separatingfloor. These slits and accompanying flanges may be straight or parallelwith the side edges of a plate, as is shown in Fig. 3, but preferablythey are diagonally located, or are at an angle to the sides of theplate, and when occupying this position they tend to draw the slate orgritty material to one side, allowing the coal to pass ahead withoutbeing apparently turned aside from a straight forward path. If it isdesired, the chute or delivery section-of the machine may have a hingedconnection 15- with the uppermost plate, or the separating plate that isadjacent to it, and I desire it to e understood that I do not limitmyself to any special number of separating plates in the construction ofa separating floor, nor do I limit myself to any particular means forsupporting such plates or floor.

In Fig. 4 I have illustrated the adaptation of the improvement to whatis known as a spiral separator, a portion of which is shown in saidfigure, and the said spiral separator is made up of a series ofoverlapping bed plates A and each of the said bed plates A at acorresponding edge portion is provided upon its upper face with aseparating plate C. These separating plates C differ from those shown inthe other views inasmuch as their inner edges are inclined, the platesbeing narrowest at their outer edges, but these plates are also providedwith parallel slits 12 corresponding to the slits 12 described, and withadjacent. retard- ,ing flanges 13", corresponding to the flanges 13hereinbefore referred to and the action of the said flanges 13 in theform of plate C is the same as that in the form of plate 0.

In the construction of the plates C, they are preferably strengthened attheir outer or delivery edges where the slits 12 extend through, bylocating a brace plate 16 at the bottom of a separating plate adjacentto its delivery edge, crossing the said slits, which brace plate 16 isrigidly secured to the plate in any suitable or approved manner.

I desire it to be understood that the flanges 13 may be at right anglesto' the runways 14, or at any other suitable angle; and that saidflanges 13, in connection with the runways 1 1, afford a side frictionalresistance, as well as a bottom frictional resistance to the materialbeing separated upon the machine. For

instance, in the separation of coal and slate, the slate has doublebottom and side friction, producing a maximum retarding resistance,while a piece of coal with a film of slate on the bottom would have aslaty resistance on the bottom, but the glossy side friction would be soslight as to cause this character of coal to move with greater rapiditythan slate.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent,-

1. In a separator, separating plates having slits produced therein, thematerial being bent up at one wall of the slits to produce retardingflanges.

2. A separating plate provided with slits, the material at one wall ofthe slits being bent up to produce retarding flanges that graduallydeepen in direction of the delivery end of the plate, said flangeshaving an inclination relatively to the general surface of the plate,

3. In a separator, a floor having parallel slits produced therein andthe material of the floor bent upward at one wall of said slits, theupwardly bent portions increasing in width in direction of the dischargeend of the floor, forming a series of retarding flanges, which flangeshave an inclination in the same direction with respect to the generalsurface of the floor.

4. In a separator, a floor having parallel diagonal slits therein andthe material of the floor bent upward at a wall of the said slits, theupwardly bent material increasing in width in direction of the dischargeend of the floor, said upwardly bent material constituting retardingflanges, which flanges have a lateral inclination in the same directionrelatively to the general surface of the floor.

5. In a separator, a separating floor consisting of a series of platesarranged to deliver one to the other, each plate being provided with aseries of slits, and having the material at one Wall of the slits bentupward to form a series of' retarding flanges that increase in depth asthey approach the delivery end of the plates, said flanges having alateral inclination relatively to the upper or receiving surfaces ofsaid plates.

6. A machine for separating ore, coal, and the like, by gravitation andfrictional resistance, comprising a suitably supported inclined planeprovided with' diagonal slits extending from its receiving in directionof its discharge end, the material of said plane at one wall of saidslits beingbent upward, forming retarding members that ofier in effectincreased resistance from a rearward to a forward point on said plane,said retarding members being given a lateral inclination in the saiddirection, the space between the retarding members forming continuouspaths for the passage of material, an apron constituting a continuationof said paths, a receptacle for pure material, and a gap for thereception of waste material intervening the apron and said receptacle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

FRANK PARDEE.

Witnesses:

S. A. BARBER, A. P. PLATT.

